Most architectural design software now includes sunlight modeling for any location in the world, and an increasing range of plug-ins or scripts can simulate the behavior of chains and springs under gravity. More sophisticated simulations, such as the stress response of structures under imposed loads, or the flow of air and heat through spaces and in materials, are standard modules in engineering software.
Engineering simulation
Using simulation techniques in emergent technologies and design is not limited to using engineering software, but also includes the use of animation software familiar to a wider design community (Maya), and the scripting capabilities and solvers on offer for developing custom simulation tools.
Engineering simulations in fields other than architecture are well developed, and suggest new directions for research within architecture and engineering.
Urban Simulations
Cities are complex systems. The flow of vehicles and people within a city represents the emergent behavior of such a system, produced by the large numbers of decisions of the individuals, and their interaction with each other and with the transport infrastructure of the city. Complex systems are, by definition, nonlinear and sensitive to initial conditions, so that small changes in such conditions may produce turbulent behavior at the global scale.
Manufacturing, Construction and Material Simulations
As architects become more accustomed to working directly with construction manufacturers at the inception of a design, the potential benefits of integrating manufacturing processes into the design generation will become more evident and more widely adopted.
Conclusion
Working with simulations requires the development of a logical mathematical description of the performance of a system or process, which corresponds to certain specific parameters of its physical behavior. In the sciences, ‘model’ means more than the geometrical description of an object that we commonly use this term for. A model is an abstraction of a process, and can be refined as understanding of a process develops, so that complex problems can be accurately modeled. Simulations are essential for designing complex material systems, and for analyzing their behavior over extended periods of time.
Example:
Engineering simulation
Using simulation techniques in emergent technologies and design is not limited to using engineering software, but also includes the use of animation software familiar to a wider design community (Maya), and the scripting capabilities and solvers on offer for developing custom simulation tools.
Engineering simulations in fields other than architecture are well developed, and suggest new directions for research within architecture and engineering.
Urban Simulations
Cities are complex systems. The flow of vehicles and people within a city represents the emergent behavior of such a system, produced by the large numbers of decisions of the individuals, and their interaction with each other and with the transport infrastructure of the city. Complex systems are, by definition, nonlinear and sensitive to initial conditions, so that small changes in such conditions may produce turbulent behavior at the global scale.
Manufacturing, Construction and Material Simulations
As architects become more accustomed to working directly with construction manufacturers at the inception of a design, the potential benefits of integrating manufacturing processes into the design generation will become more evident and more widely adopted.
Conclusion
Working with simulations requires the development of a logical mathematical description of the performance of a system or process, which corresponds to certain specific parameters of its physical behavior. In the sciences, ‘model’ means more than the geometrical description of an object that we commonly use this term for. A model is an abstraction of a process, and can be refined as understanding of a process develops, so that complex problems can be accurately modeled. Simulations are essential for designing complex material systems, and for analyzing their behavior over extended periods of time.
Example:
the broad contemporary art museum at LACMA
http://broadartfoundation.org/bcam/overview.html 
Photo: arcspace
http://broadartfoundation.org/bcam/overview.html Photo: arcspace
2008/05: Architectural Record ; p.240
image courtesy of the ARUP
2008/05: Architectural Record ; p.240
the analysis account light passing through the shylight from the north and light reflected between the inclined sunshades.
image courtesy of the ARUP2008/05: Architectural Record ; p.240
the analysis account light passing through the shylight from the north and light reflected between the inclined sunshades.
The Broad Contemporary Art Museum 2008
Renzo Piano Building WorkshopBCAMLos Angeles, California
Source: 2008/05: Architectural Record ; p.238-240;
Renzo Piano Building WorkshopBCAMLos Angeles, California
Source: 2008/05: Architectural Record ; p.238-240;
Excerpt from:
Michael Weinstock, Nikolaos Stathopoulos
2006: “Advanced simulation in design” AD 76/2 = 180; p.54-59.
Summarized by: Xinyu SHI
Michael Weinstock, Nikolaos Stathopoulos
2006: “Advanced simulation in design” AD 76/2 = 180; p.54-59.
Summarized by: Xinyu SHI
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